Geopolitics

Europe Under Attack

Week VII, MMXXV
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Recently at The Signal: Daniel Bessner on whether there’s really an autocratic threat coming from inside American democracy. … Today: What’s behind the wave of clandestine Russian attacks in Europe? Darrell Driver on the psychological campaign to change European hearts and minds about Ukraine. … Also: John Jamesen Gould on the Signal member’s despatch, launching Friday.
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FEATURE

It’s a sabotage

Giulia Squillace
At the end of January, Norway’s coast guard and police surrounded a cargo vessel in the Baltic Sea, taking it and its Russian crew into custody, towing it into a Norwegian port. Why? The ship had been sailing between two Russian ports, Murmansk and St. Petersburg, but en route, it apparently severed an undersea cable between Latvia and Sweden—and all signs point to sabotage by Moscow.

Earlier the same week, Swedish authorities seized another vessel suspected of severing another undersea cable. Weeks earlier, on Christmas Day, undersea power and data cables between Finland and Estonia were cut by a ship in Russia’s shadow fleet—Moscow’s flotilla of unregistered vessels used to evade Western sanctions.

These incidents appear to belong to a growing pattern of sabotage, assassination, and terror operations Moscow is conducting across Europe. In mid-January, Poland’s prime minister accused Russia of plotting to blow up European cargo planes: Last summer, parcels with explosive devices caught fire in an airport warehouse in the U.K., as well as on a tarmac in Germany, and authorities found two other incendiary devices in parcels in Poland. They all involved a magnesium-based accelerant that Western sources attributed to Russia’s GRU military intelligence directorate. Western intelligence officials say these operations were trial runs for large-scale attacks on airliners bound for the United States.

In 2024, Kremlin agents also killed a Russian pilot who had defected to Spain. In Germany, police foiled a plot to kill the CEO of the country’s biggest arms manufacturer, Rheinmetall. German prosecutors also arrested two men suspected of planning strikes on industrial and military sites. In Finland, Russian operatives staged a series of sabotage break-ins at water-treatment plants; in Sweden, officials encouraged citizens to boil their water before using it. In Bulgaria, Russian saboteurs attacked a munitions factory.

Meanwhile, the Kremlin has been expanding its meddling in elections across Europe—through social-media campaigns, illegal payments to parties and candidates, or outright vote-buying. What’s Moscow up to?

Darrell Driver is a professor at the U.S. Army War College and the co-director of its Advanced Strategic Arts Program, the former deputy director of strategy in the U.S. military’s European Command, and a retired colonel in the U.S. Army. Driver says the goal is clear: Moscow wants European countries to stop supporting Ukraine in the war. And the methods are recognizable: The sabotage campaign follows longstanding Russian psychological tactics. Ultimately, the Kremlin wants to shift perceptions of risk in Europe, so European leaders—and voters—come to believe that backing Kyiv just isn’t worth the potential costs of bigger attacks.

But the campaign isn’t just about the war, soon to be in its fourth year. It’s also vital to Moscow that Kyiv doesn’t move closer to the West by joining the European Union or NATO. At some point, Russia and Ukraine will stop fighting on the battlefield—but if the West decides to try to bring Ukraine into its institutions, the Kremlin could well decide that it needs to keep fighting in the shadows …

Read on
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From Darrell Driver in The Signal:

  • “The campaign is coming at a point when the Russians sense an opportunity to influence Western resolve. They’re getting desperate to break the stalemate—and they’re starting to think about a negotiated settlement, so they want to be in the most favorable possible position when talks begin. And they sense a window of political opportunity in Western democracies to improve their position.”
  • “For the broader context, I would go back to 2007 when Vladimir Putin, the Russian president, made a speech at the Munich Security Conference that announced a much more aggressive, hostile approach toward the U.S. and the West. Russia has been on a trajectory of aggression since 2007, and the election meddling, sabotage activities—and the invasion of Ukraine—are all part of this.”
  • “I don’t believe Putin thinks for one second that NATO poses a military threat to the Russian Federation. I do think he believes that NATO and the West pose a political, psychological threat: If Western democracies flourish in Europe—and on the doorstep of Russia—then that provides an example that undermines the Russian regime and its hold on the Russian people.”
Read on
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NOTES
Coming soon
This Friday, The Signal will debut the member’s despatch, a weekly digest on current affairs. The despatch is a digital magazine for those who want to keep up with what’s happening in the world—but also need their time cared for … and to feel confident that wherever they spend it reading anything, the material will matter, stick with them, and be a joy to take in and think about.

It’s an idea we’ve been cultivating for some time: not just a supplement to our regular features and notes, but a hub for them and everything we do—which now includes in-depth news briefings, key-debate roundups, books coverage, letters, and new-music curation from around the world.

Expect the member’s despatch to evolve, week over week. But fundamentally, expect it always to be worth your while—as reliable as it will be surprising; a resource that helps you free yourself from the incessant hype and noise of addiction-based media; and a companion that helps you stay centered, develop resiliency, and think effectively for yourself.

If the name sounds at all idiosyncratic, it takes inspiration from the traditional red “despatch boxes” sent to ministers and monarchs in the United Kingdom and elsewhere in the Commonwealth to securely transport important, sometimes secret, correspondence and documents.

We’re delighted to be able to send it to you—as we will be to hear from you.

Until then,

John Jamesen Gould

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Inès Belkhodja
MEANWHILE
  • At dawn on February 11, more than 1,200 Italian police officers launched raids in and around Palermo, Sicily, arresting more than 150 people believed to be members of Cosa Nostra, the island’s longtime mafia organization. After an investigation lasting two years, prosecutors issued charges including attempted murder, drug trafficking, illegal gambling, and extortion: “The Sicilian mafia, the inspiration for the Godfather movies, is no longer the force it once was, subject to years of crackdowns by authorities and overtaken in terms of power and wealth by Calabria’s ’Ndrangheta; but Palermo police said their two-year investigation had revealed how it continued to maintain its grip, these days coordinated by messages on encrypted smartphones.”
  • A beaver colony in Brdy region, Czech Republic, has saved local authorities CZK30 million by building several dams and creating a natural wetland area. Local officials had secured funding for a similar project but had been held up by red tape. Bohumil Fišer, the head of Brdy Protected Landscape Area Administration, says, “The Military Forest Management and the Vltava River Basin were negotiating with each other to set up the project and address issues regarding ownership of land. The beavers beat them to it. … They built the dams without any project documentation and for free.”
  • More than 170 World War II-era practice bombs have been found beneath a playground in the town of Wooler, Northumberland, in the U.K.—about an hour’s drive north of Newcastle. “It’s quite something to think the children have been playing on bombs and it’s been a really challenging situation. We’ve only cleared about a third of all the park and we could still find another pit with more bombs in,” says the Wooler Parish Council’s Mark Mather. “The Army will not support us in any way, either looking for the ordnance or removing it, which has been extremely disappointing.”
ELSEWHERE
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Categories: Geopolitics

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